From SimplifiedWiki

The tambourine is a musical instrument of the percussion family consisting of a single drumhead mounted on a ring with pairs of small metal jingles. Most tambourines used in western popular music today consist only of the ring and jingles, with no drum head. The tambourine can be held in the hand or mounted on a stand, and can be played in numerous ways, from stroking or shaking the jingles to striking it sharply with hand or stick or using the tambourine to strike the leg or hip. It is found in many forms of music, classical music, Roma music, Persian music, gospel music, pop music and rock and roll. The word tambourine finds its origins in the Middle Persian word tambūr "lute, drum" (via the Middle French tambour).

Contents 1 Riq 2 Buben 3 Dayereh 4 Daf 5 Kanjira 6 See also 7 External links

[edit] Riq

The riq (also spelled riqq or rik) is a type of tambourine used as a traditional instrument in Arabic music. It is an important instrument in both folk and classical music throughout the Arabic-speaking world.

[edit] Buben

Buben (Бубен in Russian and Ukrainian, bǫ̑bǝn in Slovenian, buben in Czech, bęben in Polish) is a musical instrument of the percussion family similar to a tambourine. A buben consists of a wooden or metal hoop with a tight membrane stretched over one of its sides (some bubens have no membrane at all). Certain kinds of bubens are equipped with clanking metal rings, plates, cymbals, or little bells. It is held in the hand and can be played in numerous ways, from stroking or shaking the jingles to striking it sharply with hand. It is used for rhythmical accompaniment during dances, soloist or choral singing. Buben is often used by some folk and professional bands, as well as orchestras.

The name came from Greek language βόμβος (low and hollow sound) and βομβύλη (a breed of bees) and related to Indo-Aryan bambharas (bee) and English bee.

Buben is known to have existed in many countries since time immemorial, especially in the East. There are many kinds of bubens, including def, daf, or qaval (Azerbaijan), daf or khaval (Armenia), daira (Georgia), doira (Uzbekistan and Tajikistan), daire or def (Iran), bendeir (Arab countries), pandero (Spain). In Kievan Rus, drums and military timpani were referred to as buben.

[edit] Dayereh

A dayereh (or Doyra, Dojra, Dajre, Doira) is a medium-sized frame drum with jingles used to accompany both popular and classical music in Iran (Persia), The Balkans, and many Central Asian countries such as Tajikistan and Uzbekistan. It is a percussion instrument, and is something intemediate between a drum and a tambourine.

[edit] Daf

A daf is a large-sized tambourine used to accompany both popular and classical music in Iran, Azerbaijan, Turkey (where it is called tef), Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, and Iranian Kurdistan.

[edit] Kanjira

The kanjira or ganjira is a South Indian frame drum of the tambourine family. It is mostly used in Carnatic music concerts (South Indian classical music) as a supporting instrument for the mridangam.

[edit] See also

• Frame drum
• Dayereh
• Bendir
• Daf
• Riq
• Mr. Tambourine Man a song by Bob Dylan
• Tamborim

[edit] External links

Template:Commons

• Traditional tambourines from Carnival of Binche (in French)
• Christina Campo-Abdoun & Seifed-Din Abdoun Center For Arabic Culture (CAC)
• A recent New Zealand invention is the tpedal (Tambourine Pedal) that can be played with a foot while busy operating other musical instruments
• http://www.macedoniagiftshop.com/macedonain_instruments.html
• http://www.avantart.com/tuva/bilder/buben.jpgTemplate:Iranian musical instrumentsde:Tamburin

es:Pandereta fr:Tambourin (musique) gl:Pandeireta it:Tamburello basco he:תוף מרים mk:Дајре nl:Tamboerijn ja:タンブリン ug:كىچىك دۇمباق pl:Bębenek baskijski ru:Бубен fi:Tamburiini sv:Tamburin tr:Tef uk:Бубон